ABSTRACT
Background: Darunavir has been proven efficacious for antiretroviral-experienced HIV-1-infected patients in randomized trials. However, effectiveness of darunavir-based salvage therapy is understudied in routine care in Brazil. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of HIV-1-infected patients from three public referral centers in Belo Horizonte, who received a darunavir-based therapy between 2008 and 2010, after virologic failure. Primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with viral load <50 copies/mL at week 48. Change in CD4 cell count was also evaluated. Outcome measures were analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis applied to observational studies. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of missing data at week 48. Predictors of virologic failure were examined using rare-event, finite sample, bias-corrected logistic regression. Results: Among 108 patients, the median age was 44.2 years, and 72.2% were male. They had long-standing HIV-1 infection (median 11.6 years) and advanced disease (76.9% had an AIDS-defining event). All patients had previously received protease inhibitors and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, 75% nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and 4.6% enfuvirtide. The median length of protease inhibitor use was 8.9 years, and 90.8% of patients had prior exposure to unboosted protease inhibitor. Genotypic resistance profile showed a median of three primary protease inhibitor mutations and 10.2% had three or more darunavir resistance-associated mutations. Virologic success at week 48 was achieved by 78.7% (95% CI = 69.7–86%) of patients and mean CD4 cell count increase from baseline was 131.5 cells/μL (95% CI = 103.4–159.6). In multiple logistic regression analysis, higher baseline viral load (RR = 1.04 per 10,000 copies/mL increase; 95% CI = 1.01–1.09) and higher number of darunavir resistance-associated mutations (RR = 1.23 per each; 95% CI = 0.95–1.48) ...
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Salvage Therapy , Sulfonamides/therapeutic use , Brazil , Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics , Genotype , HIV Infections/immunology , HIV Infections/virology , HIV-1 , Retrospective Studies , Viral LoadABSTRACT
A retrospective cohort study was performed to assess the impact of a Case Management Home Care Program supplied by the Unimed-BH medical cooperative on hospitalization-free survival time among eligible patients 60 years or older. A Cox proportional hazards model was fitted to assess the impact of home visits by health professionals on hospitalization-free survival time in a sample of 2,943 elders, while adjusting for patient age, physical dependence, medicines, feeding route, pressure ulcers, supplemental oxygen therapy, cognitive impairment, outpatient visits, and hospitalizations in the preceding quarter. Risk factors for shorter hospitalization-free survival time were: degree of physical dependence, enteral nutrition, supplemental oxygen therapy, pressure ulcers, and hospital admissions in the previous quarter. Higher rates of home visits by physicians and nurses showed a protective dose-response effect on hospitalization-free survival time. The data suggest that regular home visits by physicians and nurses lengthen hospitalization-free survival time among elderly patients enrolled in the program.
Foi realizado estudo de coorte retrospectiva com o objetivo de avaliar o impacto do plano de cuidados do Programa de Atenção Domiciliar da Unimed-BH, modalidade Gerenciamento de Casos (PrGC/AD), sobre o tempo livre de hospitalização entre os pacientes com 60 anos ou mais assistidos pelo programa. Utilizou-se o modelo de Cox para avaliar o efeito do intervalo entre as visitas domiciliares dos profissionais do programa sobre o tempo livre de hospitalização de 2.943 idosos, ajustado por idade, medicamentos em uso, via de alimentação, úlcera de pressão, déficit cognitivo, dependência física, oxigenioterapia, consultas ambulatoriais e hospitalizações no trimestre anterior. Foram fatores de risco para menor tempo livre de hospitalização: o grau de dependência física, alimentação enteral, oxigenioterapia suplementar, úlceras de pressão e hospitalizações no trimestre anterior. Observouse efeito protetor dose-resposta da frequência de visitas médicas e de enfermagem. Os resultados sugerem que visitas domiciliares regulares de médico e enfermeiro aumentam significativamente o tempo livre de hospitalização nos pacientes assistidos pelo PrGC/AD.
Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo para evaluar el impacto de un plan de asistencia del Programa de Atención Domiciliaria de Unimed-BH, modalidad de Gestión de Casos (PrGC/AD), sobre el tiempo libre de hospitalización en pacientes con 60 años o más. Se usó el modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox para evaluar el efecto del intervalo entre las visitas domiciliarias de los profesionales del programa sobre el tiempo libre de hospitalización de 2.943 ancianos, ajustado por edad, medicamentos usados, vía de alimentación, úlcera por presión, deterioro cognitivo, dependencia física, oxigenoterapia, consultas ambulatorias y hospitalizaciones en el trimestre anterior. Fueron factores de riesgo para un menor tiempo libre de hospitalización: grado de dependencia física, alimentación enteral, oxigenoterapia suplementaria, úlcera por presión y hospitalizaciones en el trimestre anterior. Las frecuencias de visitas médicas y de enfermeros tuvieron un efecto protector dosis-respuesta. Los resultados sugieren que las visitas domiciliarias regulares de médico y enfermero aumentan el tiempo libre de hospitalización en los pacientes asistidos por el PrGC/AD.